Radio

Brain transmitters, also called electrodes, stimoceivers, and endoradiosondes, can control the brain and transmit data.

See the following picture of a radio brain implant indicated by the arrow.

The following diagram shows the frequencies 18.5 - 18.7 kHz which were sent from a brain transmitter.

Long wavelengths are commonly used since they work over vast distances at the speed of light, and the frequencies are often between 15 - 35 kHz.

http://www.think-aboutit.com/News/BrainTransmitters.htm

Medical implant radio bandwidth

Medical Implant Communication Service (MICS) is the name of a specification for using a frequency band between 402-405 MHz in communication with medical implants. It allows bi-directional radio communication

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_Implant_Communication_Service

Before a portion of the RF spectrum was set aside, WMTS devices operated on an unlicensed basis in the vacant TV channel spectrum (174–216 MHz and 470–668 MHz) or on a secondary licensed basis in the private land mobile radio band (450–470 MHz).

http://www.cmdm.com/article.php/ArticleID/2144?lang=en&

the Medical Implant Communication Service (MICS) radio frequency band, 402-405 MHz

http://www.mtbeurope.info/news/2006/606015.htm

The highly integrated RF chip delivers data rates up to 800 kbps and operates in the Medical Implant Communication Service (MICS) 402-405 MHz band.

http://www.eedigest.com/mnfs/Zarlink-Simplifies-Design-of-Medical-Telemetry-Systems-Linking-Implanted-Devices-and-Monitoring-Equipment/

medical implant communication in the 402-405 MHz band, namely the Medical Implant Communication System (MICS) and the Medical Implant Telemetry System (MITS). These devices are defined as Category I equipment as per RSS-Gen.

MITS is used to provide transmission of data on a periodic basis (non-medical event related). MITS operate in the 403.5‑403.8 MHz band and shall only provide one-way, non-voice digital communications from an active medical implant transmitter to an external receiver.

http://www.ic.gc.ca/epic/site/smt-gst.nsf/en/sf08184e.html

Implant transmitters operate in the 150-200 mhz bandwidth.

http://www.us-government-torture.com/KIT.html

Frequencies Used by Bugs and Surveillance Technology

150.000 - 216.000 mhz Typical VHF "Body Wire" & Pro-Grade Bugs

109.000 - 140.000 mhz Digital VHF Pro-Grade Bugs

138.000 - 174.000 mhz Typical "Spy Shop" & LE Cheap VHF Bugs

http://www.hamradio-online.com/1996/feb/bugging.html

Mhz to scan and block

Frequencies Used by Bugs and Surveillance Technology

Here is the current list of frequencies used for bugging, technical surveillance and similar activities.

Lots more information on Counterintelligence is available on the web at http://www.tscm.com/ and is provided courtesy of James Atkinson

The most up-to-date version of this file is available at http://www.tscm.com/bugfreq.html.

Shortwave 150.000 - 216.000 mhz

TV channel spectrum (174–216 MHz and 470–668 MHz) or on a secondary licensed basis in the private land mobile radio band (450–470 MHz).

402-405 MHz band, namely the Medical Implant Communication System (MICS) and the Medical Implant Telemetry System (MITS).

Electromagnetic interference (or EMI, also called radio frequency interference or RFI)

EMI or RFI may be broadly categorized into two types; narrowband and broadband.

The Special International Committee on Radio Interference (CISPR) sets standards for radiated and conducted electromagnetic interference.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic_interference

"jamming" to describe the deliberate use of radio noise or signals in an attempt to disrupt communications (or prevent listening to broadcasts ) whereas the term "interference" is used to describe unintentional forms of disruption (which are far more common). However the distinction is still not universally applied.

jamming are random noise, random pulse, stepped tones, warbler, random keyed modulated CW, tone, rotary, pulse, spark, recorded sounds, gulls, and sweep-through.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio_jamming

Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) is the branch of electrical sciences which studies the unintentional generation, propagation and reception of electromagnetic energy with reference to the unwanted effects (Electromagnetic Interference, or EMI) that such energy may induce.

Emission issues are related to the unwanted generation of electromagnetic energy, and to the countermeasures which should be taken in order to reduce such generation and to avoid the escape of any remaining energies into the external environment. Susceptibility or immunity issues, in contrast, refer to the correct operation of electrical equipment in the presence of unplanned electromagnetic disturbances.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic_compatibility

Re: Which materials block radio waves the most (and why)?

Radio waves are electromagnetic waves and travel at the speed of light
which is 186, 280 miles per second (983,558,400 feet per second). The
voltage in a radio wave alternates back and forth between plus and minus
many times per second and we call this the frequency of the radio wave
in cycles per second. Scientists have named frequency Hertz
(abbreviated Hz) after Heinrich Hertz, a German scientist, who succeeded
in transmitting the first radio waves across a room in 1888. Thus when
you hear a radio wave has a frequency of one megahertz ( 1 MHz), it
means one million (1,000,000) cycles per second. This frequency is
usually marked 10 or 100 on the middle of AM (amplitude modulation)
radio dials.

A radio frequency of 100 megahertz (100 MHz) means 100 million
(100,000,000) cycles per second. This is usually marked 100 on the
middle of FM (frequency modulation) radio dials.

Wavelength equals the speed of light divided by the frequency.
For a frequency of 1 MHz in the AM radio band the wavelength is:

Wavelength at 1 MHz = 983,558,400/1,000,000 = 983.5 feet

For a frequency of 100 MHz in the FM radio band the wavelength is:

Wavelength at100 MHz = 983,558,400/100,000,000 = 9.84 feet = 118 inches.

Interference

Radio Wave Attenuation
There are two general types of matter (substances) in the universe that
affect electromagnetic waves, conductors and insulators
which are called dielectrics by scientists. Most, but not all,
conductors are metals, such as copper, aluminum, silver and gold. However,
salt water is also a rather poor conductor! Most, but not all, dielectrics
are non metals. Examples of dielectrics are paper, plastic, Teflon, glass,
ceramic and dry wood. Pure water is a good dielectric substance!

When a radio wave hits a material some of the power is reflected at the
surface and some of the power is transmitted into and possibly through
the material. If the material is metal, almost all of the radio power is
reflected within the first few atoms of the material. A small amount of
power is absorbed by the silver atoms and converted to heat.

Example: a silvered mirror reflects about 95 % of light power and about
95% of radio power and absorbs about 5 % of light and radio power.

If the material is a dielectric, some of the power is reflected at the
surface and some of the power travels through the material

This power absorption in a dielectric is called the Attenuation Coefficient
of the material. How much power travels through a dielectric depends on
both the thickness of the material and its attenuation coefficient.

Dielectrics such as cardboard, paper, clear glass, Teflon, some plastics,
pure water and many building materials have low attenuation coefficients
and radio waves reflect from them and also easily pass through them.

Example: You can receive radio waves in most houses made of brick, wood,
plaster, wall board, cement etc.. Buildings made of metal or metal coated
glasses, or steel reinforced concrete, reflect most of the radio energy
and you cannot receive radio signals inside of them.

Earth contains many different materials that absorb radio waves and so you
do not receive radio waves inside of long tunnels. However, some long tunnels
have wires placed through the tunnel to transmit radio waves, so that
drivers and emergency vehicles can still hear their radios while driving
through them.

Now let me discuss metal wire grids such as screens, chicken wire, chain
link fences etc. Grids are mostly space with a small amount of wire in
them. What happens to radio waves that they hit a metal grid? The answer
depends on the wavelength of the radio wave. If the holes in the wire
mesh are greater than one tenth of a wavelength across, most of the radio
power passes through them and a small amount is reflected. If the holes
in the mesh are one hundredth of a wavelength across or less. Most of the
radio power is reflected and almost zero is transmitted through the grid.
At sizes of holes between 1/10 and 1/100 wavelength, different amounts of
radio power are reflected and transmitted. When we work with radio
transmitters and receivers in the laboratory we often work inside of screened
rooms. This way we block out external radio signals and keep in the radio
waves that we are working on.

For 1 MHz AM radio 1/100 of a wave length is 118 inches
For 100MHz FM radio 1/100 of a wave length is 1.18 inches.

Experiment Setup:

Make 3 boxes or cylinders about 2 feet long and 2 feet wide, one made of
chicken wire with very large holes, one made of copper or aluminum screen
with small holes and one made of cardboard covered with several layers of
aluminum foil with no holes in it. Place an AM/FM transistor radio on a
wooden platform in the middle of each box and compare the strength of
several strong and weak AM and FM radio stations in open air with the
strength of the same stations inside the boxes.

Expected Results:

Because of the difference in wavelengths you should be able to hear the FM
stations and weak or no AM signals inside the chicken wire box.

The screen box will probably block most FM signals and all AM stations by
reflection.

The foil box will block all AM & FM signals by reflection.

Experiment Number 2

You could also compare AM & FM signals in a cardboard
box, a wooden box and perhaps a glass box (fish tank with a metal lid). The
AM and FM radio signals strength should be the same inside and outside of
the boxes. You should not be able to receive radio signals inside of
an aluminum foil covered box.

NOTE: Radio waves are very sneaky and can get through the smallest slits
in metal boxes so be sure that you overlap all openings very well or make
a double layer covering the seams of the boxes. Also the radios must be
battery powered for radio waves can come into the boxes along the power
cable.

Date: Tue Feb 26 22:01:14 2002
Posted By: Adrian Popa, Director Emeritus, Hughes Research Laboratories

http://www.madsci.org/posts/archives/2002-03/1015162213.Eg.r.html

Aluminum foil hats will block the signals emitted by the radio tags that will replace bar-code labels on consumer goods.

That is, of course, if you place your tin-foil hat between the radio tag and the device trying to read its signal.

http://www.wired.com/politics/security/news/2003/11/61264

Emergency Position Indicating Radio Beacons "EPIRBs"

If it is a 406 MHz EPIRB it should be deactivated by following the manufacturer's laid down procedures. In the case of a 121.5 or 243 MHz device it should be completely wrapped in two layers of aluminium foil which provides suitable Radio Frequency Screening.

http://www.ofcom.org.uk/static/archive/ra/publication/ra_info/ra258.htm

On the Effectiveness of Aluminium Foil Helmets: An Empirical Study

the network analyser Agilent 8714ET's signal generator.

The helmets amplify frequency bands that coincide with those allocated to the US government between 1.2 Ghz and 1.4 Ghz. According to the FCC, These bands are supposedly reserved for ''radio location'' (ie, GPS), and other communications with satellites (see, for example, [3]). The 2.6 Ghz band coincides with mobile phone technology. Though not affiliated by government, these bands are at the hands of multinational corporations.

http://people.csail.mit.edu/rahimi/helmet/

For half-millimeter-thick tin-foil, radiation above about 20 kHz (i.e., including both AM and FM bands) would be partially blocked.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tin-foil_hat

Blocking transmission

A Faraday cage or Faraday shield is an enclosure formed by conducting material, or by a mesh of such material. Such an enclosure blocks out external static electrical fields. Faraday cages are named after physicist Michael Faraday, who built one in 1836.

an environment devoid of electromagnetic interference may be conducted within a so-called screen room. These screen rooms are essentially labs or work areas that are completely enclosed by one or more layers of fine metal mesh or perforated sheet metal. The metal layers are connected to earth ground to dissipate any electric currents generated from the external electromagnetic fields, and thus block a large amount of the electromagnetic interference.

Mobile phones and radios may have no reception inside elevators or similar structures. Some traditional architectural materials act as Faraday shields in practice. These include plaster with metal lath, and rebar reinforced concrete. These affect the use of cordless phones and wireless networks inside buildings and houses.

Faraday cages have been built into wearable suits, allowing high-voltage workers to sit directly on power lines

Named after physicist Michael Faraday, it works by diverting electricity evenly around the shield instead of allowing it to flow into the interior and enabling devices to work.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faraday_cage

Copper Foil transforms any room into Faraday cage.

Suited for use as electro-magnetic shielding, Mu-copper foil can be applied as wallpaper to transform existing room into Faraday cage with attenuation level of 40–80 dB.

http://news.thomasnet.com/fullstory/459490

http://www.hollandshielding.com/faraday/faradaycage.php

Anyone here ever build a Faraday Cage?

One rule for the spacing of the holes is that the hole size should be 1/20th of a wavelength for the highest frequency you want to block. The wavelength is figured by
C/F = L,
where C is 300E6 meters/sec (the speed of light),
F is frequency in Hz, and
L is wavelength in meters.

For example, if you want to block a local FM radio station at 100 MHz, then L comes out to 3 meters. Divided by 20, and the max. hole size comes to .15 meters (15 cm). In general, the smaller the holes, the better shield you get, but the more it costs.

The RF shielded rooms at my day job are made with 2 layers of brass screen, connected electrically every 1/2" or so on seams. (Copper or silver will quickly corrode, has anodic erosion wherever it connects to or touches a different metal, and costs a LOT more.) These rooms give a reduction in RF fields of around 60 to 80 dB or so, and allow me to work with signals down into the pico-watt range.

Doors need special EMI gasketing, as do penetrations for electrical wiring, and of course any wires coming into the room need to be properly shielded and EMI-filtered.

http://acapella.harmony-central.com/archive/index.php/t-1595065.html

Mind control

An RF Shield Enclosure with an interior 4 ft X's 4 ft X's 8 ft having 5 Layers of Exotic Commercial Specification Alloy's best suited to block H and E field Radio Frequency energy where tests have been performed.

See the following pictures of a Faraday box.

See Mind control Countermeasures KIT

The invention of the Anti-Radiation band is a unique composite of materials that directly interacts with radio energy. It is composed of a compound specially formulated for just the right amount of conductivity so that it virtually absorbs the radio energy from and to a person.

Anti-Radiation bands are made so that radio energy is reduced in two distinct ways, first the surface of the body having unwanted electric currents upon it has them filtered off the body by action of the resistive bands acting in exactly the way electronic choke filters act on wires inside electronic circuits, also electric currents and radio frequency energy inside the body is reduced by repellent induction which works much the same way as a choke filter except the action described affects energy deeper inside the body.

http://www.us-government-torture.com/Mind Control.htm

Interference sources

· c. Summary of Possible Interference Sources

1) Broadcast

· AM Radio Station

· FM Radio Station

· TV Station

2) Two-way Radio Transmitters

· Citizens Band (CB)

· Amateur (Ham)

· Taxi

· Police

· Business

· Airport/Aircraft

3) Paging Transmitters

4) Cable TV

5) Electrical Devices

· Doorbell transformers

· Toaster Ovens

· Electric Blankets

· Ultrasonic pest controls (bug zappers)

· Fans

· Refrigerators

· Heating pads

· Light dimmers

· Touch controlled lamps

· Fluorescent lights

· Aquarium or waterbed heaters

· Furnace controls

· Computers and video games

· Neon signs

· Power company electrical equipment

· Alarm systems

· Electric fences

· Loose fuses

· Sewing machines

· Hair dryers

· Electric toys

· Calculators

· Cash registers

· Lightning arresters

· Electric drills, saws, grinders, and other power tools

· Air conditioners

· TV/radio booster amplifiers

· TV sets

· Automobile ignition noise

· Sun lamps

· Smoke detectors

http://www.kyes.com/antenna/interference/tvibook.html

Appliances and equipment that may cause interference to television and radio reception

Air conditioners;
alarm systems;
aquarium water heaters;
computers and video games;
calculators;
cash registers;
ducted heating temperature controllers;
electric blankets;
heater controls;
electric fences;
electric toys;
electronic low voltage lighting transformers;
fans;
light dimmers;
fluorescent lights;
hair dryers;
loose fuses;
neon signs;
power tools;
refrigerator door switches;
sewing machines;
sunlamps;
smoke detectors;
television and radio booster amplifiers;
television sets;
toaster ovens;
touch-controlled lamps;
ultrasonic pest controls (bug zappers);
vehicle ignition noise;
washing machines; and
waterbed heaters.

Identify the nature of interference (a buzz, a hum, rasp or whistle) and whether the interference is continuous or intermittent.

Turn the portable radio on, select the AM band and check that the identified offending interference can be heard. Normally, the interference will be heard across the AM band. Tune the radio so that the interference can be clearly heard. This will generally be between radio stations.

http://www.acma.gov.au/WEB/STANDARD/1001/pc=PC_310210

Radio frequency interference handbook. Compiled and edited by Ralph E. Taylor. Washington Scientific and Technical Information Office, National Aeronautics and Space Administration

National organizations

The Federal Communications Commission for the United States; CEN (Comité Européen de Normalisation or European Committee for Standardization); CENELEC (Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechniques or European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization); ETSI (European Telecommunications Standards Institute) for Europe; and BSI (British Standards Institution) for Britain.

Electronic Frontier Foundation ( EFF ), and the Electronic Privacy Information Center ( EPIC )

Index

R a n d a l l M o r t o n BBus BComp BPsych